19/05/2026
Did you know that in World War II, Cooktown was the site of the Royal Australian Air Force’s (RAAF) 44/56 Radar Station?
In the 1930s and 40s, military and government planners recognised that aerial raids posed a new threat to Australia. Potential foes, such as Japan, possessed large numbers of modern aircraft with increased range and armament, and had developed supporting infrastructure and doctrine. Additionally, aircraft carriers allowed strikes beyond the limitations of built airfields.
Their concerns were to be validated by Japanese raids on Darwin, Broome, Townsville and others.
By September 1941, 32 air warning radar stations were planned throughout Australia. These stations used radio direction finding equipment to triangulate the position and course of an aircraft; providing guidance to allies or warning of enemy operations. Grassy Hill, Cooktown was considered a suitable site and in August 1942 the RAAF 44 Radar Station unit was formed in Townsville to be ferried north by boat.
The initial establishment called for a total of 60 men, but the actual strength rarely exceeded 36. Shorthanded, the unit arrived in mid-November to find that the technical housing for the radar was incomplete and that no permanent camp site had been prepared. A disused house near the base of the hill was requisitioned as a temporary mess, store and orderly room while the men slept in tents. They finished the installation of the radar themselves and, after delays in equipment delivery, the station was operational at the end of January 1943.
The unit was redesignated RAAF 56 Radar Station in April 1943 and the radar upgraded in 1944. Though the men did improve the site (including camouflaging the radar), facilities remained very basic until the station was disbanded and dismantled at the end of the war. Today, concrete slabs are some of the few remnants of the site and the men who served there in defence of Australia.
If you want to learn more about RAAF 44/56 Radar Station or other wartime sites near you, visit the WWII Historic Places map here: https://qld.pulse.ly/hwxileze0n
View of tents in a radar camp, Cooktown, Queensland, around 1943, 29617, North Queensland Photograph Album, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland. Image no 29617-0001-0253.