13/03/2025
Mongolia: The Land Where Horses Outnumber People
Mongolia is one of the few places in the world where horses outnumber people. With a human population of about 3.4 million and a horse population exceeding 4 million, the country has a deep-rooted connection to these resilient animals. For centuries, Mongolian nomads have relied on horses for transportation, herding livestock, and traditional sports, making them an essential part of daily life.
A Culture Built on Horseback
Mongolia’s history is inseparable from horsemanship. The Mongol Empire, led by Genghis Khan in the 13th century, was built on the backs of these strong and fast horses. Mongol warriors were known for their unmatched cavalry skills, which allowed them to conquer vast territories across Asia and Europe. Today, Mongolian horses remain semi-wild, roaming freely on the vast steppes and enduring extreme weather conditions, from scorching summers to freezing winters.
The Role of Horses in Mongolian Life
Even in modern Mongolia, horses play a crucial role in daily nomadic life. Families use them to herd cattle, goats, and sheep, as well as for transportation across the rugged terrain. Horse milk, known as “airag”, is a traditional drink in Mongolia, enjoyed for its unique taste and believed health benefits.
Mongolia also hosts the Naadam Festival, a centuries-old event where horse racing, wrestling, and archery showcase the country’s cultural heritage. Unlike Western-style races, Mongolian horse races cover long distances (up to 30 km), and the riders are often young children trained from an early age.
The Future of Mongolia’s Horses
Despite modernization, Mongolia remains one of the last strongholds of traditional nomadic culture. However, urbanization and climate change pose challenges to the nomadic way of life, affecting grazing lands for horses and other livestock. Efforts are being made to preserve Mongolia’s horse culture, ensuring that these iconic animals continue to play a central role in the country’s identity.
Would you ever want to experience Mongolia’s vast landscapes on horseback?
