07/12/2022
Throwback Thursday: Sr. Sto. Niño Parish, Cortes, Bohol. Photo taken circa 1950’s.
Original name – Malabago, in 1790 name changed to Pamingwitan and later changed to Cortes.
During the first two years of the Spanish regime, many friars were sent to the Philippines to Christianize the pagan natives. One of them was Rev. Father Jose Santa Maria, who upon his arrival in Manila was directed by the Bishop of Cebu to immediately proceed to Bohol to establish the parish of Malabago. By the year 1771, a parish of the Roman Catholic Church was established in the Camayaan-Bahian area, now Rosario. The legend of the Lingganay Ugis (Silver Bell) started there.
When Father Juan Barriero came to replace Father Santa Maria, he changed the name of Malabago to Pamingwitan, aroused his delight on the native’s way of fishing with pamingwit at the side of the Abatan River, the river cascading from the upstream of Kamayaan down to the open sea by the Dayhangan delta where the Municipal Wharf now stands.
There were times the seat of the local government was transferred to Dayhangan, in the highlands of Dihong, now Salvador, by the Bakong River. This was due to raids made by pirates from the south along the offshore lands of the Abatan River. But the permanent seat of government and the parish was at Pamingwitan.
Fishing and kaingin farming were the main occupation of the townspeople. The medium of communication was conglomeration of Ilonggo and Waray. Duro (sikapat) was the currency used. But the substantial parts of the trade and commerce was done through barter.
By the year 1850 the whole town was Christianized. A Church was built by the present site of the Cortes Catholic Church under the jurisdiction of Antequera. The burial grounds were moved on top of the hill “bangi.” A public market was built on top of the ridge overlooking the Liloan River.
After Father Barriero, Father Juan Ruiz took charge. The latter was responsible for the construction of the Cortes Parish church. From 1870 to 1896, carpenters, masons, artesans and ordinary laborers worked feverishly to fashion out of stone the living memento of the Spanish epoch.
It was during the construction of the church that the barangay of Malabago or Pamingwitan and Dayhangan were welded into one completely centralized township – the “Pueblo de Cortes”, derived from the Spanish “Cortesimo”, meaning most courteous. Father Ruiz was both a good ecclesiastic as well as civil administrator. He appointed prominent Cortesanons as gobernadorcillos to head the newly created pueblo. Among them were Tan Tobias Apat, Martin Miag-ao, Juan Ligan, Placido Pondoc and Bernabe Patos. Assisting them were lesser officials, to wit: “teniente mayor, teniente de policia, teniente de somettera, and teniente de ganado”. They held offices in the church convent.
It was during the time of these civil government that the lot owners within the church vicinity donated their landholdings for the construction of the church plaza and the “escuela de niños y niñas”. In the “cota”, a public school building was built by the town’s prominent men and women.
It must be noted that between the incumbencies of Fathers Barriero and Ruiz, the first town fiesta (January 16), in honor of the Patron Saint, Señor Santo Niño was held, following the traditional fiesta of Cebu, Cortes being a mandated parish by the Recollects of Cebu. The second feast was for San Roque, the second patron saint, held on August 14, 1898 by Father Mariano Baluyot. Father Baluyot was the first Filipino priest to be appointed as the parish priest of Cortes.
(©) Bohol Provincial Library
Viva Sr. Sto. Niño!