15/04/2014
Culture El Salvador
Popular culture of El Salvador
Pottery Resume
Religious procession in Sonsonate
Costumes in cultural events .
Pupusas Olocuilta .
popular Culture
The popular culture of El Salvador comprises traditions and ancestral customs from pre-Hispanic cultures , which merged with customs españolas.122 cores most representative traditional population and are located in areas of Izalcos , nonualcos , around San Salvador Among Cacaopera.123 and material expressions of Salvadoran folklore include items such as handicrafts , which are important centers of production Nahuizalco , La Palma or Ilobasco ; and objects include various types of pottery, ceramics , cordage , basketry, clay, toys, fireworks, etc.124
As for housing, according to 2003 data , in indigenous communities the use of thatched considered missing , while the adobe walls still perduraban.125 In regard to clothing, traditional garments are used in the most cultural events , 126 although it can occasionally be seen as part of everyday dress in certain populations like Izalco, Nahuizalco or Panchimalco.127
In the field of social expressions, highlight the fraternities and sororities , in El Salvador reached a total of fifty tres.128 The localities where there are the most traditional , including Izalco , 129 Panchimalco Jayaque 130 , 131 San Pedro Nonualco , 132 or Santo Domingo de Guzmán , 133 on the other hand , in the popular trade , there tiangue , surviving traditional games for children and adults as the yo-yo , spinning capirucho , marbles , greased pole , ribbon race horse, 135 etc.134
In regard to spiritual and mental aspect popular culture , note to the festivities that take place in all municipalities , including San Miguel highlight , in which a recognized carnival takes place , and in San Salvador, with August festivities , or the Santa Ana fiestas Julias . Other expressions are the dances , and a short list comprising at torito pinto, the Historians , escutcheons , tiger and deer, feathered , etc.136 There is also a collection of legends and stories, being the representative Siguanaba the Cipitío , and cadejo between otras.137
gastronomy
Corn, which is also used by many people of America, is the main ingredient of the typical Salvadoran cuisine. The dish par excellence is the pupusa , which is a national holiday that is celebrated every second Sunday of noviembre.138 Popular corn foods are: tortillas , very important in the daily diet of Salvadorans , 139 and tamales ; atoles varieties like corn porridge , piñuela , shuco or chilate ; and snacks like riguas ; tustacas and totopostes ; maize and chicha as bebida.140 141 festivals are also corn , also known as atoladas , which are held in the second half of each year in various locations of the country , usually in August. These feasts can have a character familiar.142 Besides corn , beans is another widely used ingredient in the kitchen salvadoreña.140
Other traditional dishes are : rooster on chicha , chicken soup , soup legs broth iguana , bean soup with pork and pastries , nuégados cassava fritters egg, cassava with chicharron , squash in honey fritters in honey and bread with turkey, between 143 otros.140
There is also a variety of homemade sweets , and towns such as Santa Ana and San Vicente are important in its development. Mainly sold in the festivities of the country, and a brief list includes : canned coconut, grated coconut , marshmallows, chilacayote , dulce de leche , dulce de nance , sweet tamarind , sweet brown sugar , among many otros.144 145 146 another important traditional gastronomic offer in the panettone , includes cemita , old ladies , salpores , pichardines , cheese quesadillas , cake yolk , marquesote , etc.147 148 are chocolate , coffee, milk poleada and traditional hot beverages already mentioned that are made from corn . Popular cold drinks , fresh calls are: horchata, tamarindo , barley salad chan, and tiste , to name a few .
literature
Main article: Literature of El Salvador .
Juan José Cañas.
During the independence era in the province of San Salvador oratory prevailed , and in the early years of the republic one step Neoclassical whose initiators were Miguel Alvarez Castro, Enrique and Ignacio Gómez Hoyos was developed. Since the mid-nineteenth century there was a first generation Romantic writers such as Juan José Cañas, Francisco Esteban Galindo, and Antonia Galindo. The second romantic stream had among its exponents Francisco Gavidia , who was also one of the initiators of Modernism in Central America; 149 and Román Mayorga Rivas , Vicente Acosta , among others.
The end of the century saw the birth of Alberto Masferrer who highlighted with social thought, which left 150 embodied in his journalism , public speaking, and essays . At that time also included Arturo Ambrogi , noted author of literary impressionism , 151 and José María Peralta Lagos , known manners . Poets of the time were: Ramon Nunfio , Alfonso Espino, Alberto Rivas Bonilla or Sarbelio Navarrete ; and among the prose writers : Veiled Francisco Herrera , Carlos Serpas , Miguel Angel Espino and Trigueros Alberto Guerra , among others. Writers of the generation of 1910 and 1915 were: Alfredo Espino, Vicente Rosales and Rosales , Raul Contreras, Enrique or Julio Ávila.152
153 Claudia Lars , one of the best female voices of Latin American poetry of the twentieth century ; From the 1920s another generation of Salvadoran authors, among them Salvador Salazar Arrué ( Salarrué ) , which is considered the best Salvadoran storyteller appeared ; 154 and Serafin Quiteño or Lilian Serpas . Other authors of the twentieth century are: Quino Caso, Pedro Geoffroy Rivas, Hugo Lindo, Alice Lardé Venturino , Trigueros Ricardo de Leon, Matilde Elena Lopez, and Leon Siguenza fabulist .
Also, there was the group called Generation compromised, incorporating Vallecillos Italo López , Waldo Chávez Velasco , Irma Spears, Menen Unfair Álvaro , José Roberto Cea , Eugenio Martínez Orantes and Tirso Canales, among others; and the University Literary Circle Salvadoran Roque Dalton, Jorge Gómez Arias , Manlio Argueta and Roberto Armijo ; these generations came after David Escobar Galindo poets and literary groups from as Luis Melgar Brizuela , Julio Santos and Jaime Suárez Iraheta Quemain . Other contemporary writers are: Horacio Castellanos Moya, Francisco Andres Escobar, Miguel Huezo Resume , Jacinta Escudos , Carmen Gonzalez Huguet, Ricardo Lindo, Rafael Menjivar Ochoa, Othniel Guevara, Yanira Soundy , Rafael Mendoza and Elena Silvia Regalado, to name a few .
José Mejía Vides painting .
visual arts
In the Paint Branch , the first artist known in El Salvador was Wenceslao Cisneros. Later names emerged as Marcelino Carballo , a native of Zacatecoluca ; and Paschasius Gonzalez, who was also on the architecture. In the twentieth century , European-influenced artists were: Carlos Alberto Imery , forming generations of painters ; Miguel Ortiz Villacorta , who also was in charge of an academy ; Angel and Pedro Espinoza, home humilde.155
Traditionalist characteristics , arising from the first third of the twentieth century are the same Salarrué , Zelie and José Mejía Vides Lardé . Notable character who left school in the country was the Spanish Valero Lecha , forming renowned painters such as Julia Díaz , Raúl Elas Reyes and Noah Canjura . Opposed to the academic stream , called Independents are: Camilo Minero , Luis Angel Salinas and Carlos Cañas. During the 1970s , a time of social upheaval, several figures emerged among which may be mentioned Huezo Roberto Armando Solis, Antonio García Ponce, Fernando Llort and Cesar Menendez, among others. Part of a fruitful list of contemporary artists are: Antonio Bonilla, Roberto Galicia, Sonia Melara , Mayra Barraza, and Walterio Iraheta.155 156 branch caricature highlights Toño Salazar, and other artists of the genre are Rigo, Bollani and Ruz .
In the field of sculpture , highlight the name of Valentin Estrada, who is considered the first "national sculptor ." By the 1970s exerted influence in the country 's Spanish Benjamin Saul ; other sculptors are: Enrique Salaverría , Rubén Martínez , Leonidas Ostorga , Black Alvarez Escalante Marmoset , Mauricio Alvarez , Veronica and Guillermo Vides Perdomo.155 156
music
Traditional music Salvadoran - which in this case is interpreted in their dances -136 is the product of miscegenation Columbian , European and africano.157 In the early years of the Republican era were played in country ballads , waltzes , ballads and patriotic songs , and also , the first two bands militares.158 in the first half of the twentieth century became popular marimbas , and some groups achieved notoriety internacional.159 also was the time when highlighted notable composers of topics ranging from the academic to the manners , such as Felipe Soto, Ciriaco de Jesus Wings, David Grenadian , Pancho Lara, Lito Barrientos, Luis Alonso polio Palaviccini Francisco , and Benjamin Solis ; should also mention the musicologist Maria Baratta.157 Other interpreters of classical music are German Caceres, Alejandro Muñoz Ciudad Real , Esteban Servellón , and teacher of Romanian origin Ion Cubicec.160
With the arrival of new musical genres, dance bands appeared , and for 1960 and 1970 began to proliferate youth groups, which include interpreters rock161 gender and other modern styles like Heavy metal , existing in 2011 eighty-six bands of this style discs grabados.162 Moreover , the country has established cumbia salvadoreña.163
Also in El Salvador are the Symphony Orchestra and the Youth Symphony Orchestra , and a National Choir .
The Mercantile Political Weekly , first circulated newspaper in El Salvador .
Print Media
1824 appeared in El Salvador the first newspaper written . Political Weekly the Mercantil priest José Miguel Castro and Lara , which ceased publication in 1826 As subtract century political and commercial issues dominate the pages of newspapers. At the end of the century and early twentieth century , there were various forms of literary press as the Salvadoran Code (1891 ) of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of San San Salvador ; The Figaro (1893 ) , where he collaborated Arturo Ambrogi , and Fortnight (1903 ) Vicente Acosta , among others. But is the Nicaraguan Román Mayorga Rivas who bring a dynamic and innovative journalism Journal of Salvador ( 1895 ) , so it is considered the founder of modern journalism in Nicaragua país.164 Another 165 would leave their mark on various Salvadoran writers were Juan Felipe Toruño promoter talents in literary pages .
In later years they were rotating as important Latino Journal , founded by Father Miguel Pinto ; Newspapers Dutriz Joseph in 1915, and El Diario de Hoy Napoleon Viera Altamirano in 1936. Deserve also named Alberto Masferrer Patria newspapers and Tribune , which collaborated several intellectuals. The year 1966 began circulating World . In the postwar era , the weekly Primera Plana laid the foundations of journalism investigación.166
At the present time , from 2000 onwards , there have been quite dynamic online media , ie , on the Internet, as El Faro, Counterpoint and The Page .
religion
Metropolitan Cathedral of San Salvador
El Salvador 's Constitution guarantees the free exercise of all religions . The same fundamental law recognizes the legal personality of the Catholic Church, while other churches can obtain, under the law , the recognition of his personality ( art. 26). Historically the country has had a strong Catholic majority , according to various surveys , this reality has been changing slowly in 1995 , 16.8% of the population was considered evangelical Christians , while by 2008 the percentage had increased to 34.4 % in contrast the Catholic population is in decline , from 67.9 % in 1995 to 50.4 % according to a survey by the Central American University Jose Simeon Cañas in 2009 , this survey differs in the number of evangelical Christians , considering them 38.2 % of the population; 2.5% belonged to another religion ; while 8.9% have asserted no religión.167 168
Non-Protestant Christian groups in El Salvador are: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , Jehovah's Witnesses , and the Community of Christ ; and non-Christian doctrines : Baha'i Faith , Islam , Buddhism , Judaism, Hinduism related 169 , Rosicrucianism , psychic - spiritualist movements of New groups was popular or syncretic religion and native traditions and catolicismo.170
sport
Estadio Cuscatlan
Through a General Sports Law , 171 which entered into force in December 2007 , has established the regulation of sports policy in the country and the agencies responsible for this effect. In this legislation , " says social interest and public utility organization , promotion and development of sport throughout the national territory" (Art. 3). The main body responsible for this task is the National Sports Institute (INDES ) , which had been created in 1980. Law also regulates different federations that are the ultimate authority for the relevant discipline . All must be recognized by the INDES . Currently 43 institutions listed this tipo.172 The legislation also recognizes the functions of the Olympic Committee of El Salvador .
The most popular sport is football. Local National Team has qualified twice world championship. Throughout its history, Jorge " Magico " Gonzalez has been considered the best player of this discipline. However, it is the mode of beach soccer that has had the greatest success in international tournaments, which ranked fourth in the World Cup 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer .
Moreover, the country in Olympics has been around since 1968.173 In Pan American Games was the best performance in Rio de Janeiro just 2007.174 highlighting the gold medal of the walker Cristina Esmeralda Lopez. Among other important achievements , goalkeeper Jorge Jimenez reached the top of world rankings FITA in 2007.175
Regarding international competitions organized by El Salvador , Central Sports games highlight and Central American and Caribbean Games, both performed twice. Also, the federations have developed events relating to its subject .
