06/11/2026
The history of Allegany County, Maryland is deeply tied to the iron rails of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad — America’s first common carrier railroad. 🚂
Founded in 1827, the B&O Railroad helped transform Cumberland into one of the most important transportation and industrial centers in the region. As the railroad expanded westward through the mountains of Western Maryland, Allegany County became a vital link connecting the East Coast to the Ohio Valley and the growing American frontier.
Cumberland soon developed into a booming railroad town filled with rail yards, machine shops, roundhouses, and depots. Thousands of local residents worked for the railroad as engineers, conductors, machinists, laborers, and telegraph operators. The B&O also worked closely with the coal industry, transporting Allegany County coal to cities and industries across the nation.
The railroad changed everyday life in Western Maryland by bringing jobs, commerce, travel, and new opportunities to the region. Passenger trains carried travelers through the mountains while freight trains hauled coal, lumber, and manufactured goods across America.
Today, the legacy of the B&O Railroad can still be seen throughout Allegany County in its historic stations, tunnels, rail lines, and museums that preserve the story of the railroad that helped build Cumberland and shape the future of the nation. 🚂❤️