Assyrian Hakkari and Bohtan

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Assyrian Hakkari and Bohtan Until 1915 Hakkari and Bohtan, in current-day Turkey, were home to more than 200,000 Christian Assyr We have not forgotten and we shall never forget.

As the clock ticks to the 100th anniversary of the Assyrian, Armenian and Greek Genocides, this Community page serves as a reminder of what was lost. In short, it is an attempt to document the Assyrian villages, churches and monasteries of the Hakkari and Bohtan regions, which served as a cradle for that culture, as well as for the Church of the East, over at least two millennia. More importantly,

this page serves to provide a visual aspect to the village, district and tribal names to which many Assyrians are still attached today, and with which they still identify. Hopefully, as more and more albums are added, viewers will be able to trace their own paths through their ancestral homeland and rediscover their history and cultural heritage.

Dear all,The Kurdish musical band "Colemêrg Collective" in Hakkari, just produced a traditional song in Assyrian and Kur...
04/02/2025

Dear all,

The Kurdish musical band "Colemêrg Collective" in Hakkari, just produced a traditional song in Assyrian and Kurdish "Goudi-Meshke" (My Butterchurn) dedicating to the Assyrians of Hakkari in all four corners of the world.

Here is the clip:

ܓܘܼܕܵܐ ܡܘܼܣܝܼܩܵܝܵܐ ܕܓ̰ܘܼܠܵܡܲܪܓ ܡ̣ܢ ܦܢܝܼܬܵܐ ܕܗܲܟܵܪܹܐ, ܗ̇ܘ ܕܗܲܕܵܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ ܩܘܼܪ̈ܕܵܝܹܐ ܝܢܵܐ, ܚܲܕ̄ܬܵܐܝܼܬ ܦܘܼܠܸܛܠܹܗ ܚܕܵܐ ܙܡܝܼܪܬܵܐ ܝܵܪܬܘܼܬܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ ܒܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܐ̄ܣܘܼܪܝܼܬ ܘܩܘܼܪܕܝܼܬ ܒܫܸܡܵܐ ܕܓܘܼܕܝܼ-ܡܲܫܟܵܐ, ܘܡܘܼܩܪܸܒ̣ܵܐ ܠܹܗ ܠܕܘܼܟ̣ܪܵܢܵܐ ܕܥܲܡܡܐ ܐܵܬܘܿܪܵܝܵܐ ܚܵܝܵܢܵܐ ܕܗܲܟܵܪܹܐ ܕܓܵܘ ܐܲܪܒܥܵܐ ܦܸܢܝܵܬܹ̈ܐ ܕܒܪܝܼܬܵܐ.

Colemêrg Collective (Hakkari Collective) - Gudî / MeşkêGotin û muzik : GelerîDerhênerê Muzîkê : Emre AYDINDerhênerê Klîbe : Erhan KARAHAN Ji bo zêdetir bibi...

In about two hours (5 PM, German Time), a documentary about Assyrian churches in Hakkari, featuring myself and Norah Sam...
14/10/2024

In about two hours (5 PM, German Time), a documentary about Assyrian churches in Hakkari, featuring myself and Norah Samano, will be screened as part of the Kurdish film festival in Berlin.

Address: Rosa-Luxemburg-Str. 30, 10178 BERLIN, Germany

Details at the following link:

https://babylonberlin.eu/programm/festivals/kurdisches-filmfestival-berlin/7719-kffb-the-silent-scream?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAaZH5bjrj1gZxd23E7J0EDQS9MVeotVNo7mB57Hq11Ke45HcIkjPYOQt3hc_aem_NkUTHHXL1hxgSFtQeX8rdw

Kino Babylon

Dear colleagues and friends,I have just uploaded to YouTube the video of my contribution at the international symposium ...
27/09/2024

Dear colleagues and friends,

I have just uploaded to YouTube the video of my contribution at the international symposium regarding “A New Approach of Studies Related to Rabban Sauma and Mar Yahballaha III,” hosted by the Legacy Research Institute in collaboration with the Mongolian University of Science and Technology’s Humanities Department, as well as the Hungarian Embassy, at Springs Hotel in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

My paper is titled: “From the Mediterranean to the Yellow Sea: The Topography and Extent of the Church of the East at the time of Mār Yahballāhā and Rabbān Ṣawmā” and was part of Section 3 of the symposium on Thursday 26 September, chaired by Dr. Li Tang (University of Salzburg, Austria).

The conference discussed original research on all aspects furthering the study of Rabban Sauma or Mar Yabhallaha III of the Church of East. These included their role in the Mongol Empire’s diplomatic and political history, their relation with the Church of East, archaeological and written evidence related to their history, as well as travels, routes and historic churches.

Special thanks to Legacy Research Institute staff for taking this video, and the Assyrian Foundation of America for supporting my attendance of this academic meeting!

Legacy Research Institute, Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia): Legacy International Symposium “A New Approach of Studies Related to Rabban Sauma and Mar Yahballaha III” ...

05/09/2024

Dear family and friends,

In a little over 6 hours, the First Athra Syriac Symposium will begin, with the opening ceremony kicking off at 10 am, Erbil time.

Overall, the Symposium will be a 3-day international academic conference on Syriac Studies, including all things Assyrian, Chaldean and Aramaic.

The theme of this First Symposium is: "Syriac as a Living Culture, Despite Challenges to its Survival."

Please feel free to stay updated through the official page of the main convenor, the General Directorate of Syriac Culture and Arts: https://www.facebook.com/mardutha

Many of the sessions will be livestreamed or pre-recorded and uploaded later, so you will be able to follow and watch all the research papers that will be presented from wherever you are in the world.

My contribution on: "The Importance of Preserving Neo-Aramaic Dialects, will be during the 9:30-11 am session on Friday 6 September. Keep an eye out for that one! 😉

الصفحة الرسمية للمديرية العامة للثقافة والفنون السريانية في حكومة إقليم كوردستان ـ العراق

Dear friends, This evening I will be one of three speakers at an event organised by the Assyrian Cultural Centre (المركز...
07/08/2024

Dear friends,

This evening I will be one of three speakers at an event organised by the Assyrian Cultural Centre (المركز الثقافي الآشوري-نوهدرا) in Duhok, Iraq, to commemorate Assyrian Martyrs' Day. The topic of my talk (in Assyrian) will be: "Effects of Genocide on the Assyrian Psyche."

Moreover, I am honoured to be speaking alongside Rabi Mikhael Benjamin from the Nineveh Centre for Minority Rights and Rabi Ivan Jani from the Assyrian Cultural Centre in Diyana (Soran). The panel will be moderated by my friend and fellow scholar Lawrence Nader.

The event begins at 6 pm Iraq time!

Those interested can watch the livestream on: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61562382164158

The Story of the Brave ‘Awdīsho (retold by Dr. Nicholas Al-Jeloo)One of those people who performed the greatest acts of ...
26/06/2024

The Story of the Brave ‘Awdīsho (retold by Dr. Nicholas Al-Jeloo)

One of those people who performed the greatest acts of bravery and heroism in the Assyrian Ṭyārē tribe was ‘Awdīsho of Rumtā (Geçimli) in Upper Ṭyārē. ‘Awdīsho is a common Assyrian-Syriac name which means “Servant of Jesus.” One day, this young man – a youth no more than 22 years of age – along with his maternal uncle named Mūshē (Moses), had left their home in Rumtā, carrying apples to take up and sell in the summer pasture of Billē, which belonged to Kurds of the Artoshi tribe, as well as to buy some household necessities. As they were traveling on the way, wherever ‘Awdīsho would see a flint-stone he would take it and sharpen his dagger with it. His uncle Mūshē would then ask, “Why are you sharpening your dagger?” To which he replied, “Maybe it will be necessary that I might need it.”

And it was such until they reached the summer pasture, where they placed their load in the centre of it and, as was custom, all the people there gathered to buy apples. But after they had sold a portion of their load, the Kurds slowly began to act as if they wanted to take it from them by force, without paying what was due. They did not come to an agreement and, thus, after a word from these two, and another from the Kurds, a fight erupted between them resulting in the murder of ‘Awdīsho’s uncle Mūshē.

But ‘Awdīsho was a mighty and very perceptive man. When this occurred, he wasn’t confused or shocked, as it so happens with people who aren’t brave. He quickly got away from them and jumped onto a prominence in the middle of the summer pasture, his dagger in hand. Another account tells that he quickly entered a wooden stand built for keeping butter. In any case, he called out to all the men in the summer pasture saying, “Now, there were two of us among you, and you treacherously rose up against my uncle and killed him. But if you people have any honour, come up against me one-on-one – I with a dagger, and you too with a dagger [This is because, in tribal law, two people would not fight against one]. Let us see whom God shall grant victory to.”

These too did not want to disparage themselves. One of the bravest among them emerged and went to oppose him. The Kurd had not yet raised his hand to strike when ‘Awdīsho, without giving him any chance, like a ferocious lion, fatally stabbed him twice in the chest with his dagger, causing him to fall to the ground. After this, a second one came and he also sent him the way of the first. Thus also a third, and a fourth, until the number of those killed reached ten. As hard as they tried to reach him, none were unable to.

In this same way, he would have finished off all the men that were in the summer pasture one by one, if it were not for an Islamised Ṭyārē woman who said to them, “You will not reach a solution this way. Rather, immerse a felt vest in water and wear it on your body, then face him.” Another account instead tells that it was one of the elders, a son of Sheikh Khanbar, who said to them, “This man is very brave and strong. He will kill many of us. I don’t think you will be able to reach him. But I would request you to wear a felt overcoat. I ask you to wet it so that the dagger cannot pierce it.” In any case, they did so and succeeded since, when he struck his dagger, it didn’t pierce the felt. In this sly way, he was murdered, and this was the end of such a brave young man.

Then, with much reverence, the people of all the summer pastures gathered and dug twelve graves in a row and buried them therein, with each of the young Ṭyārē men placed at either end. Their graves still remain in this way today at the summer pasture of Billē. Because of this, the men of Ṭyārē did not try to take revenge and, because of this skill, the people Ṭyārē and even Kurds composed songs about those two brave and courageous men, and they still sing them even today. It is believed that these events took place in the first quarter of the nineteenth century.

Sources:

• Dāwīd Awrāhām d-Barwar, Gawrē Ātorāyē Lwīwē wa-Mshamhē gaw Dārā d-Tsha‘sar wa-d-‘Isrīn [Brave and Famous Assyrian Men in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries], Duhok: Hāwār Printing, 2015, p. 57.
• Gīwargīs d-Bēt Binyāmēn d-Āshītā, Khayyē gaw Ṭyārē w-l-waddar min Ṭyārē [Life Inside and Outside of Ṭyārē], Chicago: Nineveh Press, 1982, pp. 48-51.

===========================================

Cesur Evdîşo'nun Hikayesi (Dr. Nicholas Al-Jeloo tarafından yeniden anlatıldı)

Asuri-Süryani Tiyar aşiretinde en büyük cesaret ve kahramanlık eylemlerini gerçekleştiren insanlardan biri Yukarı Tiyar'daki Rumtikli (Geçimlili) Evdîşo'ydu. Evdîso, “İsa Mesih'in Hizmetkarı” anlamına gelen yaygın bir Süryanice adıdır. Bir gün, yaşı en fazla 22 olan bu genç adam, Muşe (Musa) adındaki dayısı ile birlikte Rumtik'teki evlerinden ayrılmış, Billê'nin yaylasında toplayıp satmak üzere elma taşımışlardı ve bazı ev ihtiyaçlarını satın alıyordu. Yayla Artoşi aşiretinin Kürtlerine aitti. Yolda seyahat ederken Evdişo nerede bir çakmaktaşı görse onu alır ve onunla hançerini keskinleştirirdi. Dayısı Muşe o zaman sorardı: “Neden hançerini keskinleştiriyorsun?” O da şu cevabı verdi: “Belki de buna ihtiyacım olabilir.”

Ve yaylaya varıncaya kadar da durum böyleydi; yüklerini yaylanın ortasına koydular ve adet olduğu üzere bütün insanlar elma satın almak için orada toplandılar. Ancak Kürtler, yüklerinin bir kısmını sattıktan sonra, yavaş yavaş, sanki borcunu ödemeden, zorla ellerinden almak istiyormuş gibi davranmaya başladılar. Anlaşmaya varamadılar ve bu ikilinin ve Kürtlerin bir konuşması üzerine aralarında Evdîşo'nun dayısı Muşe'nin öldürülmesiyle sonuçlanan bir kavga çıktı.

Ama Evdîşo güçlü ve çok anlayışlı bir adamdı. Bu gerçekleştiğinde, cesur olmayan insanlarda olduğu gibi kafası karışmadı ya da şok olmadı. Hızla onlardan uzaklaştı ve elinde hançeriyle yaylanın ortasındaki bir çıkıntıya atladı. Başka bir anlatımda, tereyağı saklamak için yapılmış ahşap bir standa hızla girdiği anlatılıyor. Zaten yayladaki bütün erkeklere şöyle seslendi: “Şimdi aranızda iki kişiydik ve siz hain bir şekilde dayıma karşı ayaklandınız ve onu öldürdünüz. Ama eğer biraz onurunuz varsa, bana bire bir karşı çıkın; ben hançerle, siz de hançerle [Bunun nedeni, aşiretler yasasında iki kişinin bir kişiye karşı dövüşmemesidir]. Bakalım Allah kime zafer verecek.”

Bunlar da kendilerini küçük düşürmek istemediler. İçlerinden en cesurlarından biri ortaya çıktı ve ona karşı çıkmaya gitti. Evdîşo, ona hiç şans vermeden, vahşi bir aslan gibi, hançeriyle ölümcül bir şekilde göğsüne iki kez saplayıp yere düşmesine neden olduğunda Kürt henüz saldırmak için elini kaldırmamıştı. Bundan sonra ikincisi geldi ve onu da birincisinin yoluna gönderdi. Böylece öldürülenlerin sayısı ona ulaşana kadar üçüncü ve dördüncü de oldu. Ona ulaşmak için ne kadar çabalasalar da başaramadılar.

Aynı şekilde, eğer İslamlaşmış bir Tiyari kadın onlara, şunu söylemeseydi, yayladaki tüm erkekleri birer birer bitirecekti, “Bu şekilde çareye ulaşamazsınız. Bunun yerine, keçe bir yeleği suya batırın ve vücudunuza giydirin, sonra onunla yüzleşin.” Bunun yerine başka bir kayıtta, Şeyh Xenber'ın oğlu olan yaşlılardan birinin onlara şöyle dediği anlatılıyor: “Bu adam çok cesur ve güçlü. Birçoğumuzu öldürecek. Ona ulaşabileceğini sanmıyorum. Ama sizden keçe bir palto giymenizi rica edeceğim. Hançerin delmemesi için ıslatmanı rica ediyorum.” Her halükarda bunu yaptılar ve başardılar, çünkü hançerini vurduğunda keçeyi delmemişti. Bu sinsice öldürüldü ve bu, bu kadar cesur bir gencin sonu oldu.

Daha sonra, tüm yaylaların insanları büyük bir saygıyla toplandılar ve yan yana on iki mezar kazıp onları oraya gömdüler; genç Tiyar adamlarının her biri iki ucuna gömüldü. Mezarları bugün de Billê yaylasında bu şekilde duruyor. Bu nedenle Tiyar'ın adamları intikam almaya çalışmamış ve bu yeteneğinden dolayı Tiyar halkı ve hatta Kürtler bu iki yiğit ve cesur adam hakkında şarkılar bestelemiş ve bugün bile söylemeye devam etmektedirler. Bu olayların on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde gerçekleştiğine inanılıyor.

Kaynaklar:

• Dāwīd Awrāhām d-Barwar, Gawrē Ātorāyē Lwīwē wa-Mshamhē gaw Dārā d-Tsha‘sar wa-d-‘Isrīn [On Dokuzuncu ve Yirminci Yüzyıllarda Cesur ve Ünlü Asuri Adamları], Duhok: Hawar Matbaası, 2015, p. 57.
• Gīwargīs d-Bēt Binyāmēn d-Āshītā, Khayyē gaw Ṭyārē w-l-waddar min Ṭyārē [Tiyar'ın İçinde ve Dışında Yaşam], Chicago: Ninova Yayınları, 1982, pp. 48-51.

EVDÎŞO.. KOMA CÛDÎ ..HUNERGEHA WELAT ..STRAN ..KELEPÛRAMADEKIRIN ŞÊRO HINDÊ ..MEHMÛD BERAZÎ ..EVDÎŞO, STRANEKE BI GELEK ŞÊWAZ Û CÛREYAN TÊ GOTIN. LÊ LI ROJAV...

New song by Sandy Rekany - "Qalouneh"! ❤️
25/06/2024

New song by Sandy Rekany - "Qalouneh"! ❤️

Sandy Rekany - Qalouneh (Official Video)Lyrics: William OdishoMelody: Sandy RekanyArrangement: Fadi AmerVocal Record: Dani ShamounMix & Mastering: Dani Sham...

31/05/2024

Lecture by Dr. Nicholas Al-Jeloo about Assyro-Chaldean national and ethnic identity, hosted by the Assyro-Chaldean Association of France on Thursday 30 May 2024.

Dear friends,Today and tomorrow, I will be participating in an online workshop about “Latin and Eastern Catholicism in O...
19/04/2024

Dear friends,

Today and tomorrow, I will be participating in an online workshop about “Latin and Eastern Catholicism in Ottoman Anatolia.”

My contribution will be today, in the session about “Catholicism in the Eastern Ottoman Empire” (11:45-12:45) and is titled: “Conversion, Coercion and Conformity: The Chaldean Catholic Church’s Expansion (1804-1914).”

There will also be a paper tomorrow, in the 15:00-16:30 panel, about: “Ephrem II Rahmani (1848-1929): Patriarch of the Syriac Catholic Church,” by Anthony O’Mahony from the UK.

The Zoom link below is included on the programme and there is no need for registration: https://us06web.zoom.us/j/81527345469?pwd=shzUChYGfhTgrZOF2z3eSL7cZV77n0.1

The First Athra Syriac Symposium, 5-8 September 2024السيمبوزيوم السرياني الأول في الوطن, 5-8 أيلول 2024(English/Arabic):...
24/03/2024

The First Athra Syriac Symposium, 5-8 September 2024
السيمبوزيوم السرياني الأول في الوطن, 5-8 أيلول 2024
(English/Arabic):

Dear friends,

It is my pleasure to be on the organising committee of the First Athra Syriac Symposium, to be held in Ankawa, Erbil, on 5-8 September this year.

The Call for Papers was released some days ago and can be found at the following link: https://mardutha.com/en/events/call-for-papers/

Special thanks to the General Director of Syriac Culture and Arts in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Rabi Kaldo Ramzi for all his hard work in ensuring that this important international conference will be a success. 🙏

أصدقائي الأعزاء،

يسرني أن أكون عضواً في اللجنة المنظمة للسيمبوزيوم السرياني الأول في الوطن التي ستعقد في عنكاوا، أربيل، في 5-8 أيلول/سبتمبر من هذا العام.

تم إصدار الدعوة لتقديم البحوث منذ بضعة أيام ويمكن العثور عليها على الرابط التالي: https://mardutha.com/events/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84/

شكر خاص للمدير العام للثقافة والفنون السريانية في إقليم كردستان العراق، رابي كلدو رمزي أوغنا على كل ما بذله من جهد في ضمان نجاح هذا المؤتمر الدولي المهم. 🙏

September 5, 2024 - September 8, 2024 @ 9:00 am - 9:00 pm - CALL FOR PAPERS   The First Athra Syriac Symposium   “Syriac as a Living Culture, despite Challenges to its Survival”   3-day conference 5-8 September 2024 Ankawa, Erbil (Iraq) Held for the first time, the Athra Syriac Symposium will...

Dear friends, Here is the video of my contribution at the international conference on “Forced Migrations: History – Lite...
22/02/2024

Dear friends,

Here is the video of my contribution at the international conference on “Forced Migrations: History – Literature – Memory,” hosted by the Centre for German and European Studies at the University of Wrocław, Poland.

My paper is titled: “August 7 from 1914 to 2014: Repeated Histories of Assyrian Expulsion” and was part of Panel I: “European Migration: social, political and historiographical consequences,” chaired by Dr. Anna Kurpiel (University of Wrocław).

The conference aimed to comprehensively present the issue of forced migrations in the 20th and 21st centuries, assess this phenomenon, and reflect on contemporary approaches to it.

Special thanks to Prof. Mirosław Rucki (K. Pułaski University of Radom) for taking this video, and again to Prof. Michael Abdalla (University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań) for all his help and support!

Centre for German and European Studies, University of Wrocław: 'Forced Migrations: History – Literature – Memory' Thursday 22 February 2024, Panel I: "Europe...

Dear Friends,Here is the Zoom link to the panel that I will be participating in at the international conference on “Forc...
22/02/2024

Dear Friends,

Here is the Zoom link to the panel that I will be participating in at the international conference on “Forced Migrations: History – Literature – Memory,” hosted by the Centre for German and European Studies at at the University of Wrocław, Poland. My paper is titled: “August 7 from 1914 to 2014: Repeated Histories of Assyrian Expulsion” (it will start about an hour and half after this post is uploaded):

12:15-13:45 – Panel I: “European Migration: social, political and historiographical consequences.”

https://zoom.us/j/99742616947?pwd=WURTTmRrMVZ3ZG5aN0duVU1hbDZ6dz09
Meeting ID: 997 4261 6947
Passcode: 604684

With me on the same panel will be Malfono Abdulmesih BarAbraham from Augsburg, Germany (representing the Mor Afrem Foundation). His online presentation is titled: “Aftermath of Genocide: Tracing Waves of Assyrian Migration from Turkey.”

We invite you to participate as audience members.

Special thanks again to Prof. Michael Abdalla for all his help and support!

Dear friends, In the next days, I will be participating in an international conference on “Forced Migrations: History – ...
20/02/2024

Dear friends,

In the next days, I will be participating in an international conference on “Forced Migrations: History – Literature – Memory,” hosted by the Centre for German and European Studies at at the University of Wroclaw, Poland (21-23 February 2024).

My paper will be on Panel I of the second day of the conference (22 February, 12:15-13:45), with the theme: “European Migration: social, political and historiographical consequences.” I have changed the title a little; it is now: “August 7 from 1914 to 2014: Repeated Histories of Assyrian Expulsion.”

With me on the same panel will be Malfono Abdulmesih BarAbraham from Augsburg, Germany (representing the Mor Afrem Foundation). His online presentation is titled: “Aftermath of Genocide: Tracing Waves of Assyrian Migration from Turkey.”

There will be another two papers about Assyrians presented in Polish on Panel IX of the third and final day of the conference (23 February, 11:00-12:30), with the theme: “Intergroup relations and migrants’ identity”:

- “The Syrian city of Qamishli as a lasting work of Assyrian forced migrants from southeastern Turkey after World War I,” by Prof. Michael Abdalla (University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań), and

- “Strategies of integration of Assyrian migrants in Tbilisi before and after the Bolshevik revolution,” by Prof. Mirosław Rucki (K. Pułaski University of Radom).

I will find out if the sessions will be recorded or livestreamed and let you all know.

Tawdi sagi to Malfono Prof. Michael Abdalla, without your help and guidance I would not have been able to attend! 🙏

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