10/01/2026
When the Native Peoples’ Caravan travelled from British Columbia to Ottawa in 1974, the organizers’ intent was to arrive by September 30, the date of the official opening of the 30th Parliament of Canada.
The Native Peoples’ Caravan had been devised as a means of airing grievances and winning public support, as they had found official government-sponsored Native organizations to have so far proven ineffectual.
It was the Caravan leaders’ hope to meet with government leaders, including Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Judd Buchanan, the Minister of Indian Affairs.
The Caravan’s organizers had arrived with a list of ten demands, including constitutional recognition of Indigenous territory and treaty rights, a repeal of the Indian Act and an investigation into the Department of Indian Affairs.
On the appointed day, Monday, September 30, the 200+ Caravan participants, including men, women and children, peacefully marched to Parliament Hill to the beat of traditional drums.
Large numbers of communist supporters joined in the march as well, carrying bright red banners. There was extensive press coverage.
As the protesters arrived on Parliament Hill and approached the steps to the Centre Block, many were surprised to find themselves blocked by barricades manned by the RCMP.
After some pushing and shoving, the protesters backed away from the entrance and peaceful demonstration drumming recommenced.
Shortly after, however, a helmeted RCMP riot squad, carrying shields and clubs, forcefully evicted the Caravan from Parliament Hill altogether, the Ottawa Citizen reporting that the Mounties' assault on the protesters resulted in “bloodied noses and bludgeoned faces of protesters”.
One woman suffered a fractured skull. Another reported a concussion from a club. It was said to have been especially terrifying for the children that had been among those participating in the assembly.
A week or so after the events on the Hill, federal cabinet ministers met leaders of the National Indian Brotherhood to discuss the violent clash. However, no Caravan members were invited to the meeting.
In the end, the protesters did not achieve their demands, but the Caravan and the violent reception they encountered on Parliament Hill highlighted Indigenous grievances in a way never before seen.
Public sympathy rose. With coast-to-coast television coverage of the events on Parliament Hill, police tactics were also visible for all to see, embarrassing the government.
In this latest release from his “Today in Ottawa’s History” blog, James Powell recounts this day of demonstration on Parliament Hill on September 30, 1974, one in what had been a growing series of protests being led by Canada’s Indigenous peoples to draw attention and action to long-standing concerns:
https://todayinottawashistory.wordpress.com/2026/08/29/native-peoples-caravan/