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04/12/2020

Fast Facts
Description
The eland is one of the largest antelopes. It has fawn coloring and long black spiral horns on both male and female.
Size
Approximately 1.36 to 1.8 m (4.5 to 6 ft.)
Weight
Male: 400 to 1000 kg (880 to 2200 lbs.)
Female: 136.4 to 272.7 kg (300 to 600 lbs.)
Diet
Herbivore: includes leaves and fruit
Incubation
Gestation lasts approximately 8 to 9 months; one offspring is born at a time
Sexual Maturity
Male: About 4 years
Female: About 3 years
Life Span
8 to 10 years in the wild
Range
Eastern and Southern Africa, Drakensburg Mountains
Habitat
Inhabits sparse forests and brush; open territory to semi-deserts
Population
Global: No data
Status
IUCN: Lower Risk/Conservation Dependent
CITES: Not listed
USFWS: Not listed
Fun Facts
The eland is the largest African bovid, but the slowest antelope. It can only run about 40 kph (25 mph), but it can jump 3 m (10 ft.) from a standing start.
When walking, tendon or joints in the eland's foreleg produce a sharp clicking sound, the cause of which has not been widely investigated. The sound carries some distance and is a good indication of an approaching herd. Some scientists believe it may be a form of communication; if a male is walking through his territory, the clicking which can be heard for up to a mile away, may alert another eland about this territory.
It shares characteristics with the ox such as a thick neck and Brahman Bull-like dewlap (especially in males).
It is one of the most adaptable ruminants, able to live in a wide array of environments, from desert to savanna, grassland to mountain. The only environments not suitable for an eland are swamps, forest, and deserts.
Like its distant gazelle and oryx relatives, the eland can conserve water by raising its body temperature as much as 7° Celsius (13.5° Fahrenheit) on hot days.

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Elands can also vary their diet, breaking off high branches with their horns.