16/05/2026
Inside the Mosque of Muhammad Ali at the Cairo Citadel. Commissioned by Muhammad Ali Pasha in memory of his son Tusun Pasha, construction began around 1830–1832 and continued for many years, with the decorative work completed in 1857. The mosque introduced a distinctly Ottoman imperial style to Cairo, inspired by the great mosques of Istanbul, especially the Sultan Ahmed Mosque. The final architect is often identified as Yusuf Bushnaq, though some scholarly sources note that the authorship of the Ottoman design is not fully certain.
Looking up at the ceiling reveals an immense architectural composition: the central dome rises to about 52 meters, spans roughly 21 meters in diameter, and is supported by four massive piers. It is surrounded by four cascading semi-domes and four smaller corner domes, creating the mosque’s dramatic layered silhouette.
Although the mosque is famously known as the Alabaster Mosque because of the extensive alabaster paneling on the lower walls, the vast upper structure is defined by its domes, painted ornament, gilded details, and Ottoman-inspired spatial design. Around the central dome are six large medallions bearing the names of Allah, the Prophet Muhammad, and the first four Rightly Guided Caliphs: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali.
The surrounding decoration blends Islamic geometry, calligraphic forms, gilded ornament, and European-influenced floral motifs. Below, the vast circular chandelier system creates a second visual layer beneath the dome, intensifying the sense of height, symmetry, and ceremonial grandeur.