Ibrahim Morgan Tour Guide

Ibrahim Morgan Tour Guide Fantastic tours all over Egypt. fantastisch Deutsch sprechender Ägyptologe Reiseleiter Masters in Geschichte I know all of Egypt like the back of my hand.

Egyptologist Tour Guide with Bachelor's in Egyptology and Master's in history with 30+ years experience, ready to arrange your amazing adventure! I'm an Egyptologist with lots of experience of 25 plus years leading tours all over Egypt. I love getting up early every day to run around my beautiful country that has so much important heritage to share with the world. I have been working for Internati

onal and National Travel Agencies, Embassies, and Multinational Corporations as well as free lance and I love it all. For multi millennia my family has been working the land in a village in Upper Egypt (Southern Egypt) on the Nile river where I was born and grew up enjoying the water and the beauty of the two river banks. I always traveled as a child with my parents to see the ancient sites (many are near the village where I was born) and as a Copt, my dad always told me about the history of our forefathers and took me to see the ancient monasteries and churches every summer break. My love for foreign languages started young as my mother (a language teacher) taught me English and my father taught me Coptic (the daughter language of ancient Egyptian). This created in me a great desire and love to learn more academically about the history and archeology of my home land and also to master as many foreign languages as possible to share the beauty of my homeland with the whole world. Soon after high school as the top in my class, I joined the International University in the beautiful city of Alexandria founded by Alexander the Great, a cosmopolitan city on the beautiful Mediterranean Sea. At the University there, under Dr. Professor Mohammed Ibrahim (the current Minister of Egyptian Atiquities as of June 2014), I earned my bachelor of Science in Egyptology (studying the Ancient Egyptian history, language, and archeology). Then I went on to obtain my Master's in Early African Christian Studies from Eastern University, St Davis, Philadelphia, PA under Dr. Michael Glerup.In the past 25 years with English and German Speaking tour groups, small and large, all over Egypt, I've proved myself to be very prompt, professional, trustworthy and enjoyable. I'm a licensed professional tour guide and a member of the Egyptian General Tourist Guide Syndicate (EGTGS), the World Federation of Tourist Guide Association (WFTGA), and the Arab Tourist Guide Union (ATGU). I have guided thousands of tour groups to all the tourist sites of Egypt as well as many off the beaten path places that most tourists don't know about. I speak fluent English and German like a native, because I've lived in the U.S., Germany, Austria and Switzerland and visit there often.Touring with me is a hassle-free enjoyable experience. I will most likely blow your mind with a lot of fascinating information about the sites and artifacts I show you, but we can also debate the hot Egyptian news topics of the day, discuss a variety opposing views, joke, laugh and have lots of fun. I specialize in Ancient Egyptian Pharaonic Sites, as well as Greco-Roman Antiquities, and I also read hieroglyphics. My great joy is when I share the Ancient Christian Coptic Monasteries and Churches and especially the route of the holy family and Old Testament related sites. I also love sharing Islamic mosques and Islamic history that is a long standing, predominate and fascinating part of Egyptian identity. Mit großer Leidenschaft arbeite ich seit mehr als 25 Jahren als Reiseleiter.Jeder Tag gibt mir die Chance, neue Leute zu treffen und ihnen die erstaunlichsten Sehenswürdigkeiten meines geliebten Ägyptens zu zeigen.Und davon gibt es so viele! Vertrauen Sie sich mir an - meine Tagestouren werden Sie beeindrucken.Faszinierende Informationen gebe ich nicht nur über Altertümer und Artefakte, auch aktuelle Ereignisse weiß ich mit großer Kompetenz zu erläutern.Geben Sie sich die Chance, mich kennenzulernen - wir werden viel Spaß miteinander haben.Alle Touren werden bis ins Detail geplant und organisiert, Sie kümmern sich um nichts. Alles was Sie tun müssen ist zurücklehnen, staunen und genießen.

https://www.instagram.com/p/DcN68MkIRMM/?igsh=MW8xbjIwd25ybDNoZg==Tutankhamun’s Dagger — A Blade from the Sky ☄️⚔️One of...
19/08/2026

https://www.instagram.com/p/DcN68MkIRMM/?igsh=MW8xbjIwd25ybDNoZg==

Tutankhamun’s Dagger — A Blade from the Sky ☄️⚔️

One of the most extraordinary objects from the tomb of King Tutankhamun is this remarkable iron dagger, discovered by Howard Carter in 1925 among the wrappings around the king’s mummy.

At first glance, it is simply a beautifully crafted royal weapon. But scientific investigation revealed an extraordinary secret: the iron of its blade came from a meteorite.

Tutankhamun ruled Egypt during the 18th Dynasty, around 1332–1323 BCE, at a time when iron was extraordinarily rare in Egypt. This was centuries before iron became a widespread material during the Iron Age.

☄️ Iron from the heavens

In 2016, researchers used non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis to study the blade. Its unusually high nickel and cobalt content strongly indicated an extraterrestrial origin. The blade contains approximately 11.8% nickel, a composition characteristic of meteoritic iron. (DOI⁠)

Even more fascinating, later research in 2022 identified a Widmanstätten pattern in the metal. This distinctive crystalline structure is characteristic of iron meteorites, particularly octahedrites. The researchers concluded that the blade was probably forged by low-temperature working, below approximately 950°C, rather than being produced through conventional smelting. (Wiley Online Library⁠)

In other words, the ancient craftsman did not simply smelt iron ore. He worked with metal that had fallen from the sky.

👑 An extraordinary royal object

The dagger measures approximately 34.2–35.2 cm in total length, with an iron double-edged blade and an elaborate gold hilt. The hilt is decorated with cloisonné and granulation, incorporating coloured stones and glass, and it terminates in a rock-crystal pommel. (Wiley Online Library⁠)

The associated gold sheath is equally magnificent. One side carries floral and palmette decoration, while the other is decorated with a feather pattern. The lower end terminates in a jackal’s head. (Wiley Online Library⁠)

The dagger was positioned along Tutankhamun’s right thigh, with the point toward the area above his knee. Carter recorded the object as 256.K, while the dagger is associated with museum number JE 61585. (Tutankhamun Spatial Archive⁠)

⚒️ How was it made?

The blade presents a remarkable technological achievement for its period. Researchers have identified traces of troilite (iron sulfide) inclusions and the characteristic meteoritic structure preserved in the metal. The evidence suggests that the meteorite was heated and forged at relatively low temperatures. (Wiley Online Library⁠)

The craftsmanship is particularly significant because other iron objects from Tutankhamun’s tomb are generally much simpler. This dagger demonstrates that highly skilled working of meteoritic iron was possible during the Late Bronze Age.

🌌 “Iron of the sky”

The ancient Egyptians had a special relationship with materials that came from the heavens. Meteoric iron was exceptionally rare, and objects made from it would have possessed an extraordinary prestige.

The dagger therefore represents much more than a weapon. It brings together royal power, craftsmanship, precious materials, astronomy, religion and ancient technology in a single object.

Imagine holding a piece of metal that travelled through space for millions or billions of years, entered Earth’s atmosphere, fell to the ground, was discovered or acquired by ancient people, transformed by a skilled craftsman into a royal dagger—and finally placed beside the body of a young Egyptian king more than 3,300 years ago.

That is what makes Tutankhamun’s dagger truly unique:

A weapon forged from the heavens for a king of Egypt. ☄️👑🇪🇬

📍 Tomb: KV62, Valley of the Kings, Thebes
👑 King: Tutankhamun
🏺 Period: New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty
⚔️ Blade: Meteoritic iron
✨ Hilt: Gold, cloisonné, granulation and coloured inlays
💎 Pommel: Rock crystal
🦅 Sheath: Gold, decorated with floral, feather and jackal motifs
🏛️ Museum: Egyptian Museum, Cairo
🔖 Museum number: JE 61585 now in

An object where archaeology meets astronomy—and where the sky itself became part of Egyptian royal culture.

The Trumpets of Tutankhamun and the Famous 1939 RecordingOne of the most famous modern recordings associated with the tr...
19/08/2026

The Trumpets of Tutankhamun and the Famous 1939 Recording
One of the most famous modern recordings associated with the trumpets of Pharaoh Tutankhamun was made on 16 April 1939, when British army bandsman James Tappern, of Prince Albert’s Own 11th Royal Hussars, played the two ancient trumpets in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo during an international BBC radio broadcast. The broadcast reportedly reached an estimated 150 million listeners worldwide.

The two trumpets discovered in Tutankhamun’s tomb are one made of silver with gold decoration and another made of bronze/copper alloy. They were probably military or signalling instruments rather than musical instruments intended to play elaborate melodies.

An important detail is that Tappern used a modern trumpet mouthpiece, adapting it to the ancient instrument. This enabled him to produce several notes and play a short fanfare. Consequently, the famous 1939 recording should not be regarded as an authentic reconstruction of the sound produced by the ancient Egyptians. The modern mouthpiece substantially altered the way the ancient trumpet functioned. The Society of Antiquaries of London specifically notes that the 1939 recording helped create the impression that the trumpets could produce a wide range of notes, whereas their natural range was much more limited.

There was, however, an earlier documented attempt to sound one of Tutankhamun’s trumpets. In 1933, the British musicologist Percival Robson Kirby, who was studying African musical instruments, visited Cairo and experimented with one of the trumpets. He was able to produce a usable note, with accounts indicating that the natural instrument had a very limited range. Therefore, it is more accurate to say that Kirby made an earlier documented attempt to sound the trumpet in 1933, rather than simply calling him the “first person ever to play it.”

This distinction is important: Kirby’s experiment and Tappern’s 1939 performance were not equivalent. Kirby worked with the ancient instrument in its original form, whereas Tappern's famous BBC performance involved a modern mouthpiece, allowing him to produce the dramatic fanfare heard in the recording.
Jeremy Montagu
So, the 1939 recording is historically fascinating, but it should be described as a modern performance on an ancient Egyptian trumpet—not as a recording of the actual sound heard by ancient Egyptians.

Die Trompeten von Tutanchamun und die berühmte Aufnahme von 1939
Eine der berühmtesten modernen Aufnahmen im Zusammenhang mit den Trompeten des Pharaos Tutanchamun entstand am 16. April 1939. Der britische Militärmusiker James Tappern, Angehöriger der 11th Royal Hussars (Prince Albert’s Own), spielte im Ägyptischen Museum in Kairo auf den beiden antiken Trompeten Tutanchamuns. Die Darbietung war Teil einer internationalen BBC-Rundfunkübertragung und soll weltweit von schätzungsweise 150 Millionen Menschen gehört worden sein.
Bei den beiden Trompeten handelt es sich um eine Silbertrompete mit Goldverzierung und eine zweite Trompete aus Bronze bzw. einer Kupferlegierung. Sie wurden im Grab Tutanchamuns entdeckt und waren wahrscheinlich eher als militärische bzw. Signal-Instrumente gedacht als für das Spielen komplexer Melodien.
Ein wichtiger Punkt wird dabei häufig übersehen: James Tappern verwendete ein modernes Mundstück, das an die antike Trompete angepasst wurde. Dadurch konnte er mehrere Töne erzeugen und eine kurze Fanfare spielen. Deshalb sollte die berühmte Aufnahme von 1939 nicht als authentische Rekonstruktion des Klangs verstanden werden, den die alten Ägypter mit dieser Trompete erzeugten. Das moderne Mundstück veränderte die Funktionsweise des Instruments erheblich.
Bereits 1933 hatte der britische Musikwissenschaftler Percival Robson Kirby einen früheren dokumentierten Versuch unternommen, eine der Trompeten zum Klingen zu bringen. Ihm gelang es, einen brauchbaren Ton zu erzeugen. Daher ist es genauer zu sagen, dass Kirby 1933 einen frühen dokumentierten Versuch unternahm, die Trompete zu spielen, anstatt ihn ohne Einschränkung als den „ersten Menschen überhaupt“ zu bezeichnen, der sie spielte.
Der entscheidende Unterschied besteht darin, dass Kirbys Versuch und Tapperns Aufführung von 1939 nicht miteinander gleichgesetzt werden sollten. Tapperns berühmte BBC-Darbietung erfolgte unter Verwendung eines modernen Mundstücks, wodurch mehrere Töne und die bekannte Fanfare möglich wurden.
Fazit: Die Aufnahme von 1939 ist ein außergewöhnlich interessantes historisches Dokument. Sie sollte jedoch als moderne Aufführung auf einem altägyptischen Instrument verstanden werden – und nicht als authentische Wiedergabe des tatsächlichen Klangs, den die Ägypter zur Zeit Tutanchamuns hörten.

Deciphering Egypt’s Ancient Stories 🇪🇬❤️Deciphering some hieroglyphs inside the ancient tombs next to the Giza Pyramids ...
16/08/2026

Deciphering Egypt’s Ancient Stories 🇪🇬❤️

Deciphering some hieroglyphs inside the ancient tombs next to the Giza Pyramids for two of my American friends, while proudly carrying Egypt and her flag on top of my head! 🇪🇬

It was truly a blessing to have them here and to share with them a small part of Egypt’s incredible history, culture, and civilization.

There is something incredibly special about standing inside these ancient tombs, reading the words written thousands of years ago, and being able to share their stories with friends from across the world.

Egypt is not just a place I guide people through—it is a history I carry with me wherever I go. ❤️🇪🇬

16/08/2026

Nothing on earth can beat the awesomeness of Giza pyramids.

An old picture of the sound and light show at Giza Pyramids and the sphinx.
12/08/2026

An old picture of the sound and light show at Giza Pyramids and the sphinx.

06/08/2026

A complete video taken by me for the tomb of
Tawosret and Setnakht (KV14): A Monument of Dynastic Transition

Hidden within the magnificent Valley of the Kings lies one of the largest, longest, and most fascinating royal tombs of ancient Egypt—KV14, the tomb of Queen-Pharaoh Tawosret and King Setnakht. More than just a royal burial, this extraordinary monument tells the story of the dramatic transition from the Nineteenth to the Twentieth Dynasty.

Originally, KV14 was commissioned for Tawosret, the Great Royal Wife of Seti II, who later became regent for the young King Siptah before ruling Egypt as pharaoh in her own right (c. 1191–1189 BC). Following a period of political unrest, Setnakht, founder of the Twentieth Dynasty, took the throne and appropriated Tawosret’s unfinished tomb. Rather than abandoning it, he enlarged the monument into one of the grandest tombs in the Valley of the Kings and was eventually buried there himself.

Stretching approximately 112 meters (367 feet), KV14 is among the longest royal tombs in the valley. It contains more than 20 corridors and chambers, culminating in a magnificent six-pillared burial chamber. Setnakht extended Tawosret’s original design by adding new corridors and rooms, creating a unique monument that preserves two distinct phases of royal construction.

The tomb’s decoration is exceptional, featuring scenes from the Litany of Ra, the Amduat, the Book of Gates, and the Book of Caverns, alongside ritual scenes depicting the king before deities such as Osiris, Ra-Horakhty, Hathor, Anubis, and Isis. One of KV14’s most remarkable features is that many reliefs originally carved for Tawosret were later altered by replacing her names and titles with those of Setnakht. Careful examination still reveals traces of the queen’s original inscriptions beneath the later modifications.

Although Setnakht was initially buried in KV14, his son Ramesses III later transferred his father’s mummy to KV11, perhaps because KV14 had originally been intended for Tawosret. The final resting place of Tawosret herself remains one of Egyptology’s enduring mysteries, as her mummy has never been conclusively identified.

KV14 stands as one of the most significant monuments in the Valley of the Kings. It is the only royal tomb to have served both a reigning queen and the founder of a new dynasty, preserving in stone the story of political upheaval, royal ambition, and the continuity of ancient Egyptian civilization.

https://www.instagram.com/p/DbbFDsbCPir/?img_index=19&igsh=MXNtbXMzaHNvdmdtbw==Discover the Natural Wonders of Fayoum, E...
30/07/2026

https://www.instagram.com/p/DbbFDsbCPir/?img_index=19&igsh=MXNtbXMzaHNvdmdtbw==

Discover the Natural Wonders of Fayoum, Egypt 🇪🇬

Just a short journey southwest of Cairo lies Fayoum, one of Egypt’s most breathtaking natural destinations, where deserts, lakes, waterfalls, and prehistoric treasures come together in an unforgettable landscape.

The crown jewel of the region is Wadi Al-Hitan (Valley of the Whales), a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the world’s most significant paleontological discoveries. More than 40 million years ago, this desert was covered by the ancient Tethys Sea. Today, visitors can walk among remarkably preserved fossil skeletons of early whales, witnessing one of the greatest chapters in the story of evolution—from land-dwelling mammals to fully aquatic whales. The valley also preserves fossils of sharks, turtles, crocodiles, and other marine life, making it a true open-air museum of Earth’s ancient past. (UNESCO⁠)

Nearby, the enchanting Magic Lake captivates visitors with its ever-changing colors. Depending on the sunlight, time of day, and mineral content, the lake transforms from brilliant shades of blue to emerald green and even golden hues at sunset. Surrounded by rolling sand dunes, it is a favorite destination for photography, sandboarding, camping, and watching spectacular desert sunsets.

Equally impressive are the Wadi El Rayan Waterfalls, Egypt’s largest natural waterfalls. They connect the Upper and Lower Wadi El Rayan Lakes, creating a rare oasis in the heart of the Western Desert. The surrounding protected area is home to diverse wildlife, migratory birds, and stunning desert scenery, offering visitors a unique combination of tranquility and adventure.

Fayoum is a destination where geology, history, wildlife, and natural beauty merge into one extraordinary experience. Whether you are fascinated by ancient fossils, peaceful lakes, dramatic waterfalls, or endless golden dunes, Fayoum offers a journey unlike any other in Egypt.

The oldest mummy ever discovered. Merenre I and the Oldest Royal Mummy of Ancient Egypt. Among the pharaohs of Egypt’s O...
30/07/2026

The oldest mummy ever discovered.

Merenre I and the Oldest Royal Mummy of Ancient Egypt.

Among the pharaohs of Egypt’s Old Kingdom, Merenre I stands out not only for his reign but also for one of the most remarkable archaeological discoveries ever made—his mummy.

Merenre I (also written Merenra I) was the fourth king of Egypt’s Sixth Dynasty, ruling around 2275–2265 BCE (chronology varies slightly among scholars). He was the son and successor of Pepi I Meryre and is generally believed to have been the son of Queen Ankhesenpepi I. Although his reign was relatively short, he successfully continued his father’s policies and preserved Egypt’s strength and stability.

During his reign, Egypt expanded its influence into Lower Nubia, securing access to gold, valuable raw materials, and exotic products. Large quarrying expeditions extracted granite from Aswan for royal monuments, while long-distance trade flourished with regions far beyond Egypt’s southern frontier.

One of the most famous figures of his reign was Harkhuf, the governor of Elephantine, whose expeditions deep into Africa are recorded in his tomb at Qubbet el-Hawa. These journeys brought back rare goods and famously a dancing dwarf for the young Pepi II, Merenre’s successor.

Merenre built his pyramid at South Saqqara, originally known as “The Perfection of Merenre Appears in Glory.” Although much smaller than the pyramids of Giza, it originally stood about 53 meters (174 feet) high and contained a granite sarcophagus, Pyramid Texts carved on the burial chamber walls, canopic installations, and royal burial equipment.

The pyramid became the site of an extraordinary discovery in 1881, when the French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero entered the burial chamber and found a wrapped human mummy resting inside the granite sarcophagus.

If correctly identified, this is the oldest royal mummy ever discovered in its original burial place.

Although there is no inscription directly attached to the mummy identifying it as Merenre, most Egyptologists accept the attribution because it was found inside the king’s sarcophagus within his burial chamber, with no evidence of a later intrusive burial.

The mummy itself is badly damaged compared to the famous royal mummies of the New Kingdom. Nevertheless, important features remain visible. It belongs to an adult male, preserves portions of its original linen wrappings, and still retains much of the head. Damage resulted mainly from ancient tomb robbers, humidity, and the passage of more than 4,200 years.

Despite its condition, the mummy provides invaluable evidence for Old Kingdom embalming practices. Scientific examination indicates that the internal organs had been removed, the body was wrapped in linen, and resin was applied during the embalming process. These discoveries demonstrate that sophisticated mummification techniques had already developed centuries before the famous royal mummies of the New Kingdom.

Modern studies suggest that Merenre probably died as a relatively young adult. No clear evidence of violent death has been identified, and most of the damage visible today occurred long after his burial.

The mummy of Merenre I remains one of the most significant archaeological discoveries in Egyptian history. It offers a rare glimpse into royal funerary traditions during the Pyramid Age, demonstrates the remarkable advancement of Old Kingdom mummification, and bridges the gap between Egypt’s earliest royal burials and the magnificent royal mummies of later periods.

Although often overshadowed by the long reign of his successor, Pepi II, Merenre I remains an important ruler whose reign reflects a period when Egypt was still powerful, prosperous, and capable of organizing great building projects and long-distance expeditions.

More than four millennia after his death, the mummy attributed to Merenre I continues to deepen our understanding of ancient Egyptian kingship, burial customs, and the origins of one of history’s most remarkable traditions—mummification.

Address

Cairo

Website

Alerts

Be the first to know and let us send you an email when Ibrahim Morgan Tour Guide posts news and promotions. Your email address will not be used for any other purpose, and you can unsubscribe at any time.

Contact The Business

Send a message to Ibrahim Morgan Tour Guide:

Shortcuts

Share

Category