30/07/2021
Pre-dynastic period in Ancient Egypt.
The pre-dynastic period (end of the 5th millennium - approx. 3100 BC) - the last prehistoric period on the territory of Egypt, the era of the final decomposition of tribal relations (up to the middle of the 5th millennium), the formation of a socially differentiated society and the emergence of the first ancient Egyptian slave states ( 2nd half of 4th mil.). This is also the period of the appearance of writing in Egypt (the earliest monuments date back, perhaps even to about 3400). It is customary to divide the pre-dynastic period into two large sub-periods - Amrat (Nakada I, first pre-dynastic; 1st half of the 4th millennium) and Herzee (Nakada ΙΙ, second pre-dynastic; mid-4th millennium - c. 3100 BC). Completes his reign of the so-called zero dynasty, when the territories of Upper and Lower Egypt came close to their unification (completed by Narmer).
In the VIII-VII millennia, on the territory of the then green Sahara, partly due to the approaching drought, the disintegration of the Afrasian linguistic community began, and one of their branches, uniting the future Egyptians with the Libyans, moved east. Obviously, at the beginning of the 5th millennium, the tribes of the Egyptians came to Egypt, where some autochthons already lived, maybe even farmers, but who did not know irrigation.
The Tasian and Badarian Eneolithic cultures belong to the middle of the 5th millennium in Upper Egypt. The Tasians were farmers and pastoralists, but hunting and fishing remained the main source of food for them. They lived in tribal communities and were probably the first to begin irrigation work, the most primitive. Representatives of the Badari culture bred not only small, but also cattle, the harvest was stored in special bins (this is evidenced by the appearance of a domestic cat, designed to protect grain from rodents). Small canals appeared, but hunting and fishing were still important. The Badarians knew how to melt copper coming from the Sinai Peninsula.
In Lower Egypt, the Neolithic Fayum culture, agricultural and cattle breeding, belongs to the same period (V millennium). Its coarse stucco pottery is known.
If the beginning of the pre-dynastic period coincided with the Neolithic subpluvial - a relatively humid climate, when the territory of the Sahara was covered with greenery, then closer to its end an arid climate begins, continuing to this day, accompanied by the expansion of the desert to its modern territory.
Saleem tours egypt 🇪🇬
Saleem tours egypt
+20 1115090346
