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South Sumatra is one province in Sumatra (Andalas) island that the capital is Palembang. Geographically, South Sumatra is bordering Jambi province on the north, Bangka Belitung in the East, Lampung province in the South and Bengkulu province in the west.
In topography, the land of South Sumatra on the east coast side consists of marshes and brackish which influenced by tides. While, the plants are Palmase and wood swamps (mangrove). In the west, it is vast lowland. Inland side is mountainous territory. There, you will find Bukit Barisan (mountains) that divides South Sumatra and is a mountainous area with an altitude of 900-1200 meters above sea level. Bukit Barisan consists of Mount Seminung, Mount Dempo, Mount Patah and Mount Bengkuk. While the west side of Bukit Barisan is slope area. South Sumatra province has several large rivers. The water spring of most rivers are from Bukit Barisan, except Mesuji River, Lalan River and Banyuasin River. The rivers which has Bukit Barisan water spring and finish in Bangka strait are Musi River, while Ogan river, Komering river, Lematang river, Kelingi river, Lakitan river, Rupit River and Rawas river which is Musi river child.
South Sumatra province since centuries ago also known as ‘The Earth of Sriwijaya’. In the 7th century to the 12th century AD, this region was the center of Sriwijaya kingdom which also known as the largest and strongest maritime kingdom in the archipelago. Echoes and its influence even to Madagascar in Africa. Since the 13th century until 14th century, this area was under the rule of Majapahit. Furthermore, this area had been no man’s land and became pirates nest from abroad, especially from China. At the beginning of 15th century stood Palembang Sultanate that ruling until the arrival of Western colonialism, followed by Japan. When Sriwijaya Kingdom still prevail, the kingdom also appointed Palembang as the capital city of the kingdom.
Administratively, South Sumatra province consists of 13 districts and 4 cities, namely:
