16/08/2020
What’s between a jelly fish and the Suez Canal?
If you’ve ever had a chance during the hot summer months to cool off in the Mediterranean Sea, at one of Israel’s beautiful beaches, you might have felt a stinging sensation. It’s probably thanks to a 19th century French diplomat and engineer called Ferdinand de Lesseps.
For centuries people tried to find an easier, safer, and shorter route from Europe to Asia. For example, the Portuguese explorer, Vasco de Gama (1460-1524) pioneered the sea route around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. Reality really started to change in April, 1859 when Ferdinand de Lesseps initiated the construction of the Suez Canal for the French and Egyptian governments. About a million and a half Egyptian workers were employed and about 125,000 died in the process – especially from Cholera. After 10 years, in August 1869, the huge project was completed and a direct link between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea was established with the opening of the canal. The festive ceremony drew important delegates from around the world. The length was 162 kilometers from Port Said in the north to Suez in the south, the width between 500-250 meters, and the depth 10-20 meters.
However, this artificial passage between two naturally separated bodies of water opened a new passageway not only for ships, but also for marine species between formerly isolated ecosystems. This migration is called The Lessepsian Migration, named after Ferdinand de Lesseps – the man in charge of the canal construction. Over 400 species have crossed from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. By doing so they evade their natural predators, parasites, and diseases, and hence maximize their breeding potential in their new home.
A perfect example is the Nomad Jellyfish that thrives in massive swarms during the summer months along the Israeli coastline. In the Mediterranean, the Nomad Jellyfish’s bell can grow up to 90 cm and the European Union lists it as one of the most invasive marine species in European waters. Not only do they release their venomous stinging cells, but they also clog up power plants and desalination plant systems. Most importantly, they feed on plankton, which are the basis of the food chain for Mediterranean marine life, thus upsetting the natural equilibrium that developed over hundreds of thousands of years.
Various solutions have been proposed but to date nothing has really been done. Let’s hope that measures are implemented soon so we can finally wish the Nomad Jellyfish a hearty farewell. In the meantime have a bottle of vinegar handy, and in a fix you can even use urine on the affected area… Ouch!!!
Questions? Feel free to contact me at [email protected]
Picture: Yossi Balaclav