03/05/2025
CHETTINAD. TAMILNADU
In the 19th and early 20th centuries many residents of Chettinad were trading in South and Southeast Asia. Particularly Burma, Ceylon, Vietnam and Malaysia. By 2010 only 74 villages remained of the original 96. Organised in clusters spread over a territory of 1,550 square kilometres in the Districts of Sivagangai and Pudukottai in the State of Tamil Nadu. It finds itself in the UNESCO nomination for palatial house sites of historic and cultural value.
Chettinad is the home of the Nattukottai Chettiars (Nagarathar), a prosperous banking and business community and for high hierarchy, non-Brahmin Vallambar feudal community with an aristocrat title Nattar - Ambalam. It is also known for its local cuisine, architecture, and religious temples.
The Chettinad region is well known for its 19th-century mansions whose wide courtyards and spacious rooms are embellished with marble and teak. Construction materials decorative items and furnishings were mostly imported from East Asian countries and Europe. The marble was brought from Italy, chandeliers and teak from Burma, crockery from Indonesia, crystals from Europe and wall to wall mirrors from Belgium.
Many of these mansions were built using a type of limestone known as karai. According to locals the mansion walls were polished with a paste made out of egg whites and palm sugar to give them a smooth texture and for their cooling qualities.
Chettinad saris have a history spanning centuries, with the Chettiar community commissioning weavers to create elegant and durable sarees.
The Kandangi sari is among the oldest weaves in the region, introduced and patronized by the wealthy Chettiar community.
Traditionally made of silk, Kandangi saris later adopted cotton for convenience. They are known for their checkered patterns and thick contrasting borders.
Chettinad saris are a symbol of cultural heritage and traditional craftsmanship. They are a testament to the textile legacy of Tamil Nadu.
The sarees are distinguished by their heavy look, striking colors, and use of stripes, checks, and contrasts.
While retaining the essence of traditional Kandangi weaves, modern Chettinad sarees incorporate trendy designs and embroidery.
In 2016, the Union textile ministry conferred the Indian Handloom Brand tag on Chettinad cotton saris, allowing for international promotion.