Pasargad Tours Co. Ltd., Iran

18/12/2022

Season Greetings 2023!

22/09/2022

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I admire beauty, and the beauty of the world, architecture, art and culture is amazing. Painted tiles, mirror mosaics, nature...and the beauty of people. 1-10?
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20/09/2022

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Khuzestan Province (also spelled Xuzestan; Persian: استان خوزستان Ostān-e Xūzestān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it covers an area of 63,238 square kilometres (24,416 sq mi). Since 2014, it has been part of Iran's Region 4.
Historically, one of the most important regions of the Ancient Near East, Khuzestan is what historians refer to as ancient Elam, whose capital was in Susa. The Achaemenid Old Persian term for Elam was Hujiyā when they conquered it from the Elamites, which is present in the modern name. Khuzestan, meaning "the Land of the Khuz", refers to the original inhabitants of this province, the "Susian" people (Old Persian "Huza" or Huja, as in the inscription at the tomb of Darius the Great at Naqsh-e Rostam). They are the Shushan of the Hebrew sources where they are recorded as "Hauja" or "Huja". In Middle Persian, the term evolves into "Khuz" and "Kuzi". The pre-Islamic Partho-Sasanian inscriptions gives the name of the province as Khwuzestan.
The seat of the province has for the most of its history been in the northern reaches of the land, first at Susa (Shush) and then at Shushtar. During a short spell in the Sasanian era, the capital of the province was moved to its geographical center, where the river town of Hormuz-Ardasher, founded over the foundation of the ancient Hoorpahir by Ardashir I, the founder of the Sasanian Dynasty in the 3rd century CE. This town is now known as Ahvaz. However, later in the Sasanian time and throughout the Islamic era, the provincial seat returned and stayed at Shushtar, until the late Qajar period. With the increase in the international sea commerce arriving on the shores of Khuzistan, Ahvaz became a more suitable location for the provincial capital. The River Karun is navigable all the way to Ahvaz (above which, it flows through rapids). The town was thus refurbished by the order of the Qajar king, Naser al-Din Shah and renamed after him, Nâseri. Shushtar quickly declined, while Ahvaz/Nâseri prospered to the present day.

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19/09/2022

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The Lut Desert, widely referred to as Dasht-e Lut (Persian: دشت لوت, "Emptiness Plain"), is a large salt desert located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran. It is the world's 34th-largest desert, and was included on UNESCO's World Heritage List on July 17, 2016.The name is derived from 'Lut' which means bare and empty in Persian and 'dasht' which means plain in Persian.The surface of its sand has been measured at temperatures as high as 70.7 °C (159.3 °F),making it one of the world's driest and hottest places.

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15/09/2022

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Lake Zrewar , also known as Zrewar or Zrewar (Kurdish: Zrêbar or Zrêwar, زرێبار), (Persian: زریوار Zarivār), is a lake in the Zagros Mountains, within Kurdistan Province of western Iran.

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14/09/2022

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The Blue Mosque (Persian: مسجد کبود, romanized: Masjed-e Kabūd) is a historic mosque in Tabriz, Iran. The mosque and some other public buildings were constructed in 1465 upon the order of Jahan Shah, the ruler of Kara Koyunlu.
The mosque was severely damaged in an earthquake in 1780, leaving only the iwan (entrance hall).Reconstruction began in 1973 by Reza Memaran Benam under the supervision of Iranian Ministry of Culture. However, it is still incomplete.
The Blue mosque of Tabriz was built upon the order of Jahan Shah, the ruler of the Kara Koyunlu.Jahan Shah's wife, Khatun Jan Begum (died 1469), established the endowment (vaqf) for the mosque's construction. However, just a few years later, Jahan Shah and his Kara Koyunlu were toppled by Uzun Hassan of the Ak Koyunlu, and Tabriz was taken.Jahan Shah's daughter, Saleha Khatun, oversaw the rest of the construction work by the new rulers.During the reign of Yaqub bin Uzun Hasan, "the cupola of the mosque's mausoleum as well as its main parts were completed".Sandra Aube adds: "A few details from the mausoleum’s interior, such as alabaster pieces from the wall panels and the main prayer niche (meḥrāb), reveal that the mausoleum was never completely finished (Golombek and Wilber, p. 407; Aube, p. 248)".
Though the mausoleum was never completed, when the Safavids assumed control over Tabriz and made it their capital, the Blue Mosque itself served the new rulers as a mosque during the first half of the 16th century.In 1514, after the Safavids were defeated at the decisive Battle of Chaldiran, the Ottomans occupied and looted Tabriz, including the Blue Mosque.Aube notes that at least eight carpets were looted by the Turks and taken to Istanbul.Aube notes that even though it is not known whether the Turks attacked the structure itself during the capture and occupation of the Blue Mosque, several earthquakes did damage the building between the 16th and 18th centuries.

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12/09/2022

The Tabatabai House is a historic house museum in Kashan, Iran. It was built around 1880, during the reign of the Qajar dynasty, for the affluent Tabātabāei family. It is one of the prominent historic houses of Kashan and Iran, together with the Āmeri House, the Borujerdi House, and others.
The Tabātabāei House was designed by Ustad Ali Maryam, who later designed the nearby Borujerdi House, and it has been restored. It covers nearly 5,000 square meters and includes 40 rooms, four courtyards, four basements, three windcatchers, and gardens.[citation needed] It consists of the biruni ("exterior", the public area) and andaruni ("interior", the private quarters) features of Iran's traditional residential architecture, and is decorated with stone reliefs, stucco, and stained glass.
Pasargad Tours Co. Ltd., Iran
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11/09/2022

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Hormoz, is an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf. Located in the Strait of Hormuz, 8 km (5 mi) off the Iranian coast, the island is part of Hormozgan Province. It is sparsely inhabited, but some development has taken place since the late 20th century.
The earliest evidence for human presence on the island is several stone artifacts discovered at the eastern shorelines of the Island. A lithic scatter was found at a site called Chand-Derakht, which is an uplifted marine Pleistocene terrace. This site yielded a Middle Paleolithic lithic assemblage characterized by Levallois methods and dates back to more than 40,000 years ago.
The island, known as Organa (Όργανα) to the ancient Greeks and as Jarun in the Islamic period, acquired the name of "Hormuz" from the important harbour town of Hormuz (Ormus) on the mainland 60 km away, which had been a centre of a minor principality on both sides of the strait. The principality paid tribute to the Mongol-ruled Ilkhanate and was an important source of income from maritime trade. The town's ruler decided to shift his residence to the island around 1300, in order to evade attacks by Mongolian and Turkish groups from the interior.The ruler later made peace with the Ilkhans.
A new town was built on the northern tip of Jarun island which was called New Hormuz for a number of years to distinguish it from the old town on the mainland until this fell into ruins. Slowly the name of the new town came to be used for the island as well.
The island is arid, and during the summer months, the temperature can rise to over 43 °C (109 °F). As such, it was not an ideal location for the capital of a principality as all provisions including water had to be brought from the mainland. Its location, however, gave the island a degree of security which let it grow to be a major trading port for several centuries. As its competitors suffered from intermittent destruction, Hormuz remained a reliable and relatively safe harborage.
Hormuz was visited by Marco Polo, around 1290, while traveling by land, as described in his travelogue.

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10/09/2022

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Agha Bozorgh Mosque was constructed for prayers, preaching and teaching sessions held by Molla Mahdi Naraghi II also known as Mulla Mohammad Naraqi, known famously by his title of Āghā Bozorgh (literally meaning big or great lord) given to him by the Shah himself. Molla Mahdi Naraghi II was the son of the legendary Mulla Ahmad Naraqi (also spelled sometimes as Naraghi) who was the second strongest person in Iran after the king himself, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar. Mulla Ahmad Naraqi is well known for rallying the Iranian forces against the Russian invasion of northern Iran and declaring "jihad" or "holy war" against the invading Russians. He was successfully able to reconquer the Iranian lands that the invading Russian forces had captured during that offensive. Mulla Ahmad Naraqi, his brothers, his sons, and his father Mulla Muhammad Mahdi Naraqi famously known as Muhaqqiq Naraqi; are some of the most prominent Shi'a clerics as well as some of the most famous Islamic Iranian scientists of their time. Mulla Ahmad Naraqi and his father Muhaqqiq Naraqi are especially well known and honored to this day in Iran as the leading Islamic leaders of their time. It being the first time in Shi'a Twelver Islam that the helm of leadership of the faith was passed from father to son. Mulla Ahmad Naraqi was so accomplished in jurisprudence at the time of his father's passing (1209 AH/1795 CE) that it was agreed upon in a general consensus by the other leading figures of the time, to have Mulla Ahmad Naraqi as the next leader of the faith. Muhaqqiq Naraqi and Mulla Ahmad Naraqi's status in society at the time as leaders in both politics, jurisprudence, and faith can best be compared to the power and position held by Popes in the Catholic Church. They were in essence the leaders of the entire Twelver Shi'a world. With Mulla Ahmad Naraqi's passing in 1229 AH/1829 CE he was honored by being interred in the Shrine of Ali. His legacy holds as one of the most important and renowned Muslims in the past 1100 years and one of only a handful of Muslims who have been honored throughout history by being laid to rest in the Shrine of Imam Ali.
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08/09/2022

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Once upon a time in Qeshm Island in Iran, a star fell down from the sky and hit the ground right in the heart and shaped a giant, mysterious, and weird valley which we call it Stars Valley or Valley of Stars now. This geographical site is one of the most unique natural attractions in Qeshm and Iran. Let’s take a closer look at this fascinating natural phenomenon which is also a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Sites and the only geopark in the Middle East.
Stars Valley or Valley of Stars is located in Qeshm Island and it is definitely on your “MUST SEE” list in Qeshm. As mentioned, based on local anecdotes, a star hit the ground and shaped this valley. Well, locals aren’t entirely wrong. Scientific investigations on this place revealed that this phenomenon might be formed by a cosmic in the first place. Moreover, the mysterious shapes inside this valley are made by water and wind erosions. This attraction is unique because you can only find these kinds of geographical sites in Iran and Arizona, USA. Although we now know no stars involve in shaping Stars Valley, in the night sky, you can see hundreds of stars with naked eyes and that alone, justifies the name “Valley of Stars”.
At first glance, you might think you have stepped on planet Mars! You will see red pointy cones, pillars that made from erosion, arcs, bulkheads, and stripped shaped parapets that have more than millions of years ago. Due to the layouts’ weak structure, there are appreciable changes in the valley’s appearance after any heavy rain (which rarely happens).

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07/09/2022

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When you leave Qeshm coastal city and go to the mysterious villages of Khorbs and Ramchah, you will see a sign on the right side of the road that will lead you to Khorbs Cave.
Also, by looking at the date 10/27/1377, you will realize that the cultural heritage officials have registered this work as a national work on this date (that is, about 23 years ago) with the number 2197 Ghar Kharbes. Khorbes Cave is located on the mountain front overlooking the south coast of Qeshm Island in the heart of Khorbes village.
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This beautiful cave with its strange and mysterious architecture is a continuation of the folds of the Zagros mountain range. Although it is lower than them, it can be considered a part of the Zagros mountain range.
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Regarding the age of this cave, if you look up and down several historical sites, you will see that the age of Khorbes cave dates back to the time of the Medes, about 600 years BC, when inscriptions were used for writing.
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But the Department of Heritage and Culture says something else, and in their opinion, this cave belongs to the Sassanid-Parthian period, that is, about 800 years after the rule of the Medes. Therefore, it can be said that Khorbes Cave is at least 1500 years old. With the passage of time and with the retreat of the sea water in the heart of the mountain, nesting holes were formed, which became deeper and bigger with the art of people and the carvings done over time. From the mountain to the sea, the effect of eddies or the effect of waves in the heart of the rocks and sand discharge.
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Of course, the presence of oysters on the walls of the cave shows that these areas were previously under water, and this is the first hypothesis about how the cave was formed, that is, the sea water subsided and the mountain entered the land.
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Of course, what you see today as the Khorbes cave structure is not the art of sea waves, and the art of stonemasons also plays a significant role in it. Because the holes created by the waves have been deepened and enlarged by these people.
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03/09/2022

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Rudkhan Castle (Persian: قلعه رودخان, Gilaki: رودخان دژ); also Roodkhan Castle, is a brick and stone medieval fortress in Iran that was built by the Talysh people to defend against the Arab invaders during the Muslim conquest of Persia. With the fall of the Sasanian Empire, this area became a defensive position against the Arabs in the then-newly established Tabarestan.
Located 25 km southwest of Fuman city north of Iran in Gilan province, it is a military complex which was constructed during the Sasanian era (224-651), and later rebuilt in 1096 by the Nizari Isma'ilis for use by the Assassins. The castle is built on two tips of a mount, with an area of 2.6 hectares (6.4 acres). Its architects made use of natural mountainous features in the construction of the fort.
The Rudkhan Castle River originates in the surrounding heights and flows from south to north.
After crossing a mountainous winding route with dense forests, the first thing that one notices about the castle is its big entrance gate.
Rudkhan Castle sits at the two peaks of a mountain at elevations of 715 and 670 metres and contains strong fortifications and battlements at a length of 1,550 metres. The castle's 42 towers still stand intact.

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02/09/2022

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Sultan Amir Ahmad Bathhouse (Persian: حمام سلطان امیر احمد, romanized: Hammam-e Sultan Amir Ahmad), also known as the Qasemi Bathhouse, is a traditional Iranian public bathhouse (hammam) in Kashan, Iran. It was constructed in the 16th century, during the Safavid era; however, the bathhouse was damaged in 1778 as a result of an earthquake and was renovated during the Qajar era. The bathhouse is named after Imamzadeh Sultan Amir Ahmad, whose mausoleum is nearby
Sultan Amir Ahmad Bathhouse, with an area of around 1000 square meters, consists of two main parts: the sarbineh (dressing hall) and garmkhaneh (hot bathing hall). The sarbineh is a large octagonal hall and has an octagonal pool in the middle, separated by 8 pillars from the outer section. There are four pillars in the garmkhaneh, which make smaller bathing rooms all around as well as the entrance section to the khazineh (final bathing room) in the middle. The interior of the bathhouse is decorated with turquoise and gold tilework, plasterwork, brickwork, as well as artistic paintings. The roof of the bathhouse is made of multiple domes that contain convex glasses to provide sufficient lighting to the bathhouse while concealing it from the outside.

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