08/07/2026
Happy National Lighthouse Day!
The St. Augustine Lighthouse has had many renditions over the last 460 years. There has been a lighthouse or beacon on Anastasia Island since Sir Francis Drake’s raid in 1587. Proof of this can be seen on the Giovanni Battista Boazio 1589 map of Drake’s raid.
When the British took control of Florida in 1763, they raised the wooden beacon 30 feet. Many historians believe that this was true date of the establishment of the St. Augustine Lighthouse. Shipwrecks became a growing problem especially after the Revolutionary War, when British refugees were fleeing the new United States for Florida. On New Year’s Eve 1782, 16 ships fleeing the northern colonies wrecked when trying to enter the St. Augustine harbor. After the Spanish retook control of Florida, they tore down the beacon and additional 30 foot structure and fortified the tower with coquina.
In 1859, the St. Augustine Lighthouse had the first female lighthouse keeper in the U.S. The U.S. Coast Guard recognized Maria Andreu as the first Hispanic-American woman to serve in the Coast Guard and the first to command a federal shore installation.
In 1871, it became evident that the original lighthouse was about to fall into the ocean due to erosion, the US Congress appropriated $100,000 funding for a new lighthouse during the Florida Reconstruction Period. The new 165-foot tower wasn’t finished until 1874. When Henry Flagler arrived and built his grand hotels, his guests would visit the island for day trips and tea on the large lighthouse rubble at low tide.
In 1970, a fire gutted the inside of the keeper’s house, by 1980, St. Johns County was going to buy the property and tear it down for condos. However, the ladies of the Junior Service League bought the property, created a maritime museum, and put the site on the National Register of Historic Places.
In 1994, the St. Augustine Lighthouse Archaeological Maritime Program was formed to help the Museum study shipwrecks and coastal resources. In 2001, Museum archaeologists recorded the foundations of the first lighthouse tower, as well as working on the remains of the first of a series of British shipwrecks off shore, under permit from the State of Florida.
The current lighthouse tower is 152 years old. It is one part of an aid-to-navigation system here supporting military defense, travel, trade, fishing, boat building and pleasure boating since the 16th century.
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